A forensic identification case and DPid - can it be a useful tool?

Objective The aim of this study was to show DPid as an important tool of potential application to solve cases with dental prosthesis, such as the forensic case reported, in which a skull, denture and dental records were received for analysis. Material and Methods Human identification is still challenging in various circumstances and Dental Prosthetics Identification (DPid) stores the patient’s name and prosthesis information and provides access through an embedded code in dental prosthesis or an identification card. All of this information is digitally stored on servers accessible only by dentists, laboratory technicians and patients with their own level of secure access. DPid provides a complete single-source list of all dental prosthesis features (materials and components) under complete and secure documentation used for clinical follow-up and for human identification. Results and Conclusion If DPid tool was present in this forensic case, it could have been solved without requirement of DNA exam, which confirmed the dental comparison of antemortem and postmortem records, and concluded the case as a positive identification

Diferentes cimentos e retentores intrarradiculares na distribuição de tensões frente à simulação de ensaio de tração universal de coroas unitárias: análise tridimensional por elementos finitos

The aim of this study was to evaluate the different luting agents and posts on the stresses distribution according to universal tensile test simulation of crowns using finite element three dimensional analysis. A sound maxillary central incisor were scanned using a three dimensional contact scanner (Modela, Roland) and the *.stl files were exported to CAD Rhinoceros-3D software. It was obtained the three dimensional sound model, from this it was simplified the crown and constructed a tensile disk device on incisal. Moreover, 12 restored models were generated according to studied factors: fiberglass post (FGP), cast post and core (CPC), ceramic crown (CC), metal crown (MC), Rely X ARC (ARC), Rely X Unicem (Unicem) and zinc phosphate (ZP). The models were exported using *.step files, to finite element analysis software (ANSYS Workbench 14.0) to perform the mechanical properties insertion, meshing and boundary conditions appliance. An 800 N load was applied under of the disk device area, along the tooth axis. The results were analyzed via maximum principal stress. It was concluded that in CPC models, there was stress concentration in MC and CPC, whereas in models restored with CC, stress concentrated priority in the crown. Furthermore, according to all luting agent, there was higher tensile stress concentration in incisal interface between crown and core and cervical interface between crown and dentin root. ARC presented lower tensile stress concentration in these regions than Unicem and ZP. The tensile stress concentration in incisal interface between crown and core was higher for MC than CC, in models with CPC and ARC. There was similar stress distribution between models with FGP.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorMestre em OdontologiaEste trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os diferentes cimentos e retentores intrarradiculares na distribuição de tensões frente à simulação de ensaio de tração universal de coroas unitárias por meio de análise 3D por elementos finitos. Um incisivo central superior hígido foi digitalizado em um scanner de contato 3D (Modela, Roland) e os arquivos do tipo *.stl foram exportados para o programa CAD Rhinoceros-3D. Obteve-se o modelo 3D do dente hígido, a partir do qual foi feita a simplificação da coroa e construído, na incisal desta, um dispositivo de tração no formato de um disco. Além disso, foram gerados 12 modelos restaurados de acordo com os fatores em estudo: pino de fibra de vidro (PFV), núcleo moldado e fundido (NMF), coroa cerâmica (CC), coroa metálica (CM), Rely X ARC (ARC), Rely X U100 (U100) e fosfato de zinco (FZ). Os modelos foram exportados, a partir de arquivos *.step, para o programa de elementos finitos (ANSYS Workbench 14.0), no qual inseriu-se as propriedades mecânicas e definiu-se a malha e as condições de contorno. Foi simulada a aplicação de uma força de tração no valor de 800 N perpendicular à superfície inferior do dispositivo da incisal e no longo eixo do dente. Os resultados foram analisados pelo critério de tensão máxima principal. Concluiu-se que nos modelos com NMF, houve concentração de tensões na CM e no NMF, enquanto que naqueles restaurados com CC, concentraram tensões prioritariamente na coroa. Além disso, quanto aos cimentos em modelos com NMF, foi possível observar maior concentração de tensões de tração na interface incisal entre a coroa e a porção extrarradicular e na interface cervical entre a coroa e a dentina radicular. O ARC apresentou menor concentração de tensões de tração nessas regiões comparada ao U100 e FZ. Para modelos com NMF e ARC, a concentração de tensões de tração na interface incisal entre a coroa e a porção extrarradicular foi maior para CM do que para CC. Entre os modelos com PFV, houve semelhança na distribuição de tensões

Dental Age Estimation Methods in Forensic Dentistry: Literature Review

Introduction: Age estimation is essential in human identification, but also in civil and pension lawsuits. Teeth maturation is better than other structures and the dental changes provide characteristics which are grouped in different age estimation methods.&nbsp;Objective: The purpose of this literature review was to present the main methods in age estimation that have been currently used.&nbsp;Material and Methods: The database searched was PubMed and the terms used were “dental age estimation methods” and “forensic dentistry”. Just papers about dental age estimation methods written in English between 2012 and 2015 were selected.&nbsp;Results: 67 papers were retrieved through electronic searching, but nine studies were excluded. Conclusion: The most dental age estimation methods were based on developmental stages of the teeth through radiographs and they were applied in children and sub-adults in countries of the different continents.</p

A forensic identification case and DPid - can it be a useful tool?

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to show DPid as an important tool of potential application to solve cases with dental prosthesis, such as the forensic case reported, in which a skull, denture and dental records were received for analysis. Material and Methods Human identification is still challenging in various circumstances and Dental Prosthetics Identification (DPid) stores the patient’s name and prosthesis information and provides access through an embedded code in dental prosthesis or an identification card. All of this information is digitally stored on servers accessible only by dentists, laboratory technicians and patients with their own level of secure access. DPid provides a complete single-source list of all dental prosthesis features (materials and components) under complete and secure documentation used for clinical follow-up and for human identification. Results and Conclusion If DPid tool was present in this forensic case, it could have been solved without requirement of DNA exam, which confirmed the dental comparison of antemortem and postmortem records, and concluded the case as a positive identification

Ethical conducts of professors, undergraduates and graduate students: the view of dental school patients

Introduction: The importance attached to ethical practice and related informed consent varies among health professionals and is further influenced by working environments, level of knowledge, experience and societal values and beliefs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ethical conduct of professors, undergraduates and graduate students through questionnaires answered by patients. Methods: One hundred twenty (120) patients at the dental clinics of three different dental schools in São Paulo State were interviewed based on objective and discursive questions about signed informed consent, participation in scientific research, photographs during treatment, requested saliva samples, tooth donation requests, and information about tooth destination after removal. A frequency distribution (absolute and percentage values) was used for a statistical analysis of the data. Results: In all, 65.8% of the patients had given signed informed consent for treatment and 12.5% had not done so; 10.8% did not know if they had participated in scientific research; 54.2% were photographed during dental procedures and 47.1% of them had signed an authorization form; 6.6% were requested to provide a saliva sample and 66.6% of them had signed an authorization form to that effect; 16.1% had a tooth donation requested and 64.4% of them had signed an authorization form to that effect; and 61.3% did not know the destination of the tooth after removal, when donation was not requested. Conclusions: The majority of the patients had signed an informed consent form for treatment, photographs, saliva samples and tooth donation. This demonstrated ethical conduct towards patients on the part of professors, undergraduates and graduate students.Introdução: a importância atribuída à prática ética e ao termo de consentimento varia entre os profissionais de saúde. Isso é ainda mais influenciado pelo ambiente de trabalho, nível de conhecimento, experiência, valores e crenças sociais. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar as condutas éticas de professores e alunos da graduação e da pós-graduação por meio de questionários com pacientes. Métodos: 120 pacientes de clínicas odontológicas de três diferentes faculdades de odontologia do estado de São Paulo foram entrevistados com perguntas discursivas e objetivas sobre assinatura de termo de consentimento, participação em pesquisa científica, fotos durante o tratamento, solicitação de amostra de saliva, solicitação de doação de dente e informação sobre o destino do deste depois de removido. Para a análise estatística dos dados, foi utilizada distribuição de frequência (absoluta e valores percentuais). Resultados: 65,8% dos pacientes assinaram o termo de consentimento para tratamento e 12,5% não o assinaram. 10,8% não sabem se participaram de pesquisa científica. 54,2% foram fotografados durante os procedimentos odontológicos e, destes, 47,1% assinaram um termo de autorização. 6,6% tiverem amostra de saliva solicitada e 66,6% destes assinaram um termo de autorização. 16,1% tiveram uma solicitação de doação dos dentes e, destes, 64,4% assinaram um termo de autorização. 61,3% não sabiam o destino do dente após a sua remoção quando a doação não foi solicitada. Conclusões: A maioria dos pacientes assinou o termo de consentimento para tratamento, fotografias, amostra de saliva e doação de dentes. Isso demonstra que condutas éticas perante os pacientes estão sendo seguidas pelos professores e estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação.Introducción: la importancia atribuida a la práctica y al consentimiento informado varía entre los profesionales de salud. Esto es aun más influenciado por el entorno laboral, nivel de conocimiento, experiencia, valores y creencias sociales. El artículo tiene como fin evaluar las conductas éticas de profesores y estudiantes del pregrado y postgrado por medio de cuestionarios con pacientes. Métodos: 120 pacientes de clínicas odontológicas de tres diferentes facultades del departamento de São Paulo fueron entrevistados con preguntas discursivas y objetivas acerca de la firma del consentimiento informado, participación en investigación científica, fotos durante el tratamiento, solicitud de muestra de saliva, solicitud de donación de diente e información sobre el destino de este luego de removido. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos, se utilizó distribución de frecuencia (absoluta y porcentual). Resultados: el 65,8% de los pacientes firmó el consentimiento para tratamiento y el 12,5% no lo firmó. El 10,8% desconoce si ha participado de investigación científica. El 54,2% ha sido fotografiado durante los procedimientos odontológicos y, de ellos, el 47,1% firmó un término de autorización. A un 6,6% se les solicitó saliva y el 66,6% de ellos firmó una autorización. El 16,1% recibió una solicitud de donación de los dientes y, de ellos, el 64,4% firmó una autorización. El 61,3% desconocía el destino del diente luego de su remoción cuando la donación les fue solicitada. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes firmó el consentimiento para tratamiento, fotografías, muestra de saliva y donación de dientes. Ello demuestra qué conductas éticas ante a los pacientes se están siguiendo por los profesores y estudiantes de pre y postgrado

Conduta ética de professores, estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação: o ponto de vista dos pacientes de algumas faculdades de odontología.

Introduction: The importance attached to ethical practice and related informed consent varies among health professionals and is further influenced by working environments, level of knowledge, experience and societal values and beliefs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ethical conduct of professors, undergraduates and graduate students through questionnaires answered by patients. Methods: One hundred twenty (120) patients at the dental clinics of three different dental schools in São Paulo State were interviewed based on objective and discursive questions about signed informed consent, participation in scientific research, photographs during treatment, requested saliva samples, tooth donation requests, and information about tooth destination after removal. A frequency distribution (absolute and percentage values) was used for a statistical analysis of the data. Results: In all, 65.8% of the patients had given signed informed consent for treatment and 12.5% had not done so; 10.8% did not know if they had participated in scientific research; 54.2% were photographed during dental procedures and 47.1% of them had signed an authorization form; 6.6% were requested to provide a saliva sample and 66.6% of them had signed an authorization form to that effect; 16.1% had a tooth donation requested and 64.4% of them had signed an authorization form to that effect; and 61.3% did not know the destination of the tooth after removal, when donation was not requested. Conclusions: The majority of the patients had signed an informed consent form for treatment, photographs, saliva samples and tooth donation. This demonstrated ethical conduct towards patients on the part of professors, undergraduates and graduate students.doi:10.5294/pebi.2017.21.1.2Introducción: la importancia atribuida a la práctica y al consentimiento informado varía entre los profesionales de salud. Esto es aun más influenciado por el entorno laboral, nivel de conocimiento, experiencia, valores y creencias sociales. El artículo tiene como fin evaluar las conductas éticas de profesores y estudiantes del pregrado y postgrado por medio de cuestionarios con pacientes. Métodos: 120 pacientes de clínicas odontológicas de tres diferentes facultades del departamento de São Paulo fueron entrevistados con preguntas discursivas y objetivas acerca de la firma del consentimiento informado, participación en investigación científica, fotos durante el tratamiento, solicitud de muestra de saliva, solicitud de donación de diente e información sobre el destino de este luego de removido. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos, se utilizó distribución de frecuencia (absoluta y porcentual). Resultados: el 65,8% de los pacientes firmó el consentimiento para tratamiento y el 12,5% no lo firmó. El 10,8% desconoce si ha participado de investigación científica. El 54,2% ha sido fotografiado durante los procedimientos odontológicos y, de ellos, el 47,1% firmó un término de autorización. A un 6,6% se les solicitó saliva y el 66,6% de ellos firmó una autorización. El 16,1% recibió una solicitud de donación de los dientes y, de ellos, el 64,4% firmó una autorización. El 61,3% desconocía el destino del diente luego de su remoción cuando la donación les fue solicitada. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes firmó el consentimiento para tratamiento, fotografías, muestra de saliva y donación de dientes. Ello demuestra qué conductas éticas ante a los pacientes se están siguiendo por los profesores y estudiantes de pre y postgrado.Introdução: a importância atribuída à prática ética e ao termo de consentimento varia entre os profissionais de saúde. Isso é ainda mais influenciado pelo ambiente de trabalho, nível de conhecimento, experiência, valores e crenças sociais. O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar as condutas éticas de professores e alunos da graduação e da pós-graduação por meio de questionários com pacientes. Métodos: 120 pacientes de clínicas odontológicas de três diferentes faculdades de odontologia do estado de São Paulo foram entrevistados com perguntas discursivas e objetivas sobre assinatura de termo de consentimento, participação em pesquisa científica, fotos durante o tratamento, solicitação de amostra de saliva, solicitação de doação de dente e informação sobre o destino do deste depois de removido. Para a análise estatística dos dados, foi utilizada distribuição de frequência (absoluta e valores percentuais). Resultados: 65,8% dos pacientes assinaram o termo de consentimento para tratamento e 12,5% não o assinaram. 10,8% não sabem se participaram de pesquisa científica. 54,2% foram fotografados durante os procedimentos odontológicos e, destes, 47,1% assinaram um termo de autorização. 6,6% tiverem amostra de saliva solicitada e 66,6% destes assinaram um termo de autorização. 16,1% tiveram uma solicitação de doação dos dentes e, destes, 64,4% assinaram um termo de autorização. 61,3% não sabiam o destino do dente após a sua remoção quando a doação não foi solicitada. Conclusões: A maioria dos pacientes assinou o termo de consentimento para tratamento, fotografias, amostra de saliva e doação de dentes. Isso demonstra que condutas éticas perante os pacientes estão sendo seguidas pelos professores e estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação

Ethical conducts of ProfEssors, undErgraduatEs and graduatE studEnts: thE ViEw of dEntal school PatiEnts

9 páginasLa importancia atribuida a la práctica y al consentimiento informado varía entre los profesionales de salud. Esto es aun más influenciado por el entorno laboral, nivel de conocimiento, experiencia, valores y creencias sociales. El artículo tiene como fin evaluar las conductas éticas de profesores y estudiantes del pregrado y postgrado por medio de cuestionarios con pacientes. Métodos: 120 pacientes de clínicas odontológicas de tres diferentes facultades del departamento de São Paulo fueron entrevistados con preguntas discursivas y objetivas acerca de la firma del consentimiento informado, participación en investigación científica, fotos durante el tratamiento, solicitud de muestra de saliva, solicitud de donación de diente e información sobre el destino de este luego de removido. Para el análisis estadístico de los datos, se utilizó distribución de frecuencia (absoluta y porcentual). Resultados: el 65,8% de los pacientes firmó el consentimiento para tratamiento y el 12,5% no lo firmó. El 10,8% desconoce si ha participado de investigación científica. El 54,2% ha sido fotografiado durante los procedimientos odontológicos y, de ellos, el 47,1% firmó un término de autorización. A un 6,6% se les solicitó saliva y el 66,6% de ellos firmó una autorización. El 16,1% recibió una solicitud de donación de los dientes y, de ellos, el 64,4% firmó una autorización. El 61,3% desconocía el destino del diente luego de su remoción cuando la donación les fue solicitada. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes firmó el consentimiento para tratamiento, fotografías, muestra de saliva y donación de dientes. Ello demuestra qué conductas éticas ante a los pacientes se están siguiendo por los profesores y estudiantes de pre y postgrado.One hundred twenty (120) patients at the dental clinics of three different dental schools in São Paulo State were interviewed based on objective and discursive questions about signed informed consent, participation in scientific research, photo-graphs during treatment, requested saliva samples, tooth donation requests, and information about tooth destination after removal. A frequency distribution (absolute and percentage values) was used for a statistical analysis of the data. Results: In all, 65.8% of the patients had given signed informed consent for treatment and 12.5% had not done so; 10.8% did not know if they had participated in scientific research; 54.2% were photographed during dental procedures and 47.1% of them had signed an authorization form; 6.6% were requested to provide a saliva sample and 66.6% of them had signed an authorization form to that effect; 16.1% had a tooth donation requested and 64.4% of them had signed an authorization form to that effect; and 61.3% did not know the destination of the tooth after removal, when donation was not requested. Conclusions: The majority of the patients had signed an informed consent form for treatment, photographs, saliva samples and tooth donation. This demonstrated ethical conduct towards patients on the part of professors, undergraduates and graduate students

Sex Determination of Adult Human Maxillary Sinuses on Panoramic Radiographs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate dimensions of adult human maxillary sinuses on panoramic radiographs and their possible application on the sex determination for forensic purposes. The sample comprised 64 database panoramic radiographs from individuals aged 20 years or older (32 male and 32 female subjects), with complete permanent dentition (or absence of third molars). One examiner measured the width and height of the right and left maxillary sinuses using the software Image J 1.47v (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). Measurements were repeated to calculate intra-observer agreement. Chi-Square test, Kappa, ANOVA and T-Student were used for results analysis for p≤ 0.05. Intra-observer agreement with correlation Kappa ranged between 0.38 and 0.96. For female subjects, the mean height and width of the left maxillary sinus were 28.7856mm and 44.6178mm, respectively. And right maxillary sinus was 27.7163mm for height and 45.1850mm for width. Male subjects were found to have the mean height and width of the left maxillary sinus 30.9981mm and 48.7753mm, respectively. And right maxillary sinus was 30.7403mm for height and 48.5753mm for width. There was a statistically significant difference in the height and width of maxillary sinuses between males and females. It can be concluded that maxillary sinuses height and width on panoramic radiographs can be used to determine the gender of adult human subjects